Against the Odds, and Against the Common Good Essay

In her essay, â€Å"Against the Odds, and Against the Common Good,† Gloria Jimenez evaluates the debate for state-run lotteries and surmises that state representatives, having citizens’ welfare in mind, should not pass bills urging them to gamble. In today’s society, state-run lotteries are common establishments considering the majority of our country has one. Thirty-nine states and the District of Columbia all have lotteries justified as necessary state funds beneficial to the common good. But with state lotteries no one wins—not schools, not the government and not the American public. (1) The lottery system does not contribute notable funds to the state or schools (2) it is a regressive form of taxation (3) it creates limited jobs (4) it is harmful to American values and society (5)but they claim to be fair and honest. Overall, lotteries are neither practical nor fair, and they are harmful to the common good. First, let me point out that lotteries do not achieve their first goal of contributing notable funds to the state or schools. The most valid defense for lotteries is that they will increase Educational funding, when, in fact, contributes very little. In her research, Jimenez briefly explains her findings and deducts â€Å"the lotteries have been paying out roughly 4 percent to the businesses while taking in almost $20 billion in 2002.† (New York Times, May 18, 2003, sec. 4, p. 1). If states raised income tax by a fraction of a percent, they could generate just as much revenue as state lotteries. That is how insignificant they are. As well as being an ineffective money raising scheme, the lottery is also a regressive form of taxation. The attraction of the lottery is to strike it rich instantaneously and never have to work again. The message is most evident to the poor, undereducated, and compulsive gamblers. As a result, these citizens participate in the lottery spending an average of three times as much of their income on lottery tickets than the wealthy would. This is, in effect, due to false and misleading advertising aimed specifically at this market. Furthermore, the only new jobs that are created unless, by chance a new casino goes in, are the vacancies for advertising executives and accounting clerks. The positions for clerks that actually sell the tickets do not need filling because they are previously filled at convenience and grocery stores. In addition, state run lotteries are unwholesome and dangerous for the common good. They send out a message that opposes the ethics of hard work, sacrifice, and integrity—everything Americans believe in. The lottery is deceptive and encourages people to believe that they will win something for nothing. Still, government allows lotteries and actually promotes them, encouraging citizens to participate. One of the greatest problems associated with the lottery is that it can lead to addiction. So although people are buying the tickets of their own free will and free will to participate is one of the pro’s of the lottery. Exactly how much free will really is there when all of the manipulation is being done by the ad executives targeting prime citizens, the government strong-arming the constituents into their lottery schemes, and the gambling addicts cannot really help themselves? Government has no business enticing people to gamble their hard earned money for an against the odds chance of winning a big cash prize. It is irresponsible, immoral and far from fair and honest. Works Cited Jimenez, Gloria. â€Å"Against the Odds, and Against the Common Good.† Pg. 112-114. Critical Thinking, Reading, and Writing. Barnett & Bedau. New York. Bedford/St. Martin.2008. Print

Chemical Bond and Crystal Field Theory

TextBooks Sr No T-1 T-2 Title Engineering Chemistry Chemistry Reference Books Sr No R-1 Other Reading Sr No OR-1 OR-2 OR-3 OR-4 OR-5 OR-6 OR-7 Journals articles as Compulsary reading (specific articles, complete reference) http://onlinelibrary. wiley. com/journal/10. 1002/(ISSN)1097-4601 , http://www. springer. com/chemistry/electrochemistry/journal/10800 , http://www. sciencedirect. com/science/journal/13882481 , http://www. springerlink. com/content/100224/ , http://www. sciencedirect. com/science/journal/00108545 , http://pubs. acs. org/journal/joceah , http://www. ciencedirect. com/science/journal/00323861 , Title Author Edition 1st Year 2011 Publisher Name Cengage Learning Chemistry-Concepts and Applications Steven S. Zumdahl Author Suba Ramesh,S. Vairam , P. Kalyani Raymond Chang Edition 1st 9th Year 2011 2008 Publisher Name Wiley Tata McGraw Hill Relevant Websites Sr No RW-1 RW-2 RW-3 RW-4 RW-5 RW-6 (Web address) (only if relevant to the course) http://www. klte. hu/~lenteg/an imate. html http://dwb4. unl. edu/chemAnime/atomic_orbits. htm http://www. mhhe. com/physsci/chemistry/essentialchemistry/flash/hybrv18. wf Salient Features Chemistry animation and videos Atomic orbital animations Hybridization animation http://jchemed. chem. wisc. edu/JCEDLib/WebWare/collection/open/JCEWWOR019/mo Molecular orbital theory animations movies. html http://www. mhhe. com/physsci/chemistry/essentialchemistry/flash/activa2. swf http://dwb4. unl. edu/chemAnime/Electro. htm Activation energy animation Electrochemistry animations RW-7 RW-8 RW-9 http://www. mhhe. com/physsci/chemistry/essentialchemistry/flash/galvan5. swf http://dwb4. unl. edu/chemAnime/acid_base. htm http://wwwchem. uwimona. edu. jm:1104/courses/CFT. tml Galvanic Cell animation Acid base animations Crystal field theory Audio Visual Aids Sr No AV-1 AV-2 (AV aids) (only if relevant to the course) http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-2/ Sali ent Features video on Introduction-Atom and molecule http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fallVideo lecture-wave particle duality 2008/video-lectures/lecture-3/ http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principlesof-chemical-science-fall-2008/video-lectures/lecture-4/ http://ocw. it. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fallAV on wavefunction and orbitals Mulitelectron atoms and electron 2008/video-lectures/lecture-5/ , http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles- configurations of-chemical-science-fall-2008/video-lectures/lecture-6/ http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-7/ http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-8/ http://ocw. mit. du/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-10/ http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-pri nciples-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-12/ http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-9/, http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principlesof-chemical-science-fall-2008/video-lectures/lecture-13/ http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-15/ http://ocw. mit. du/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-14/ http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-14/ http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-31/ http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-34/ http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-35/ http://ocw. mit. du/courses/chemistry/ 5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-26/ http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-24 http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-25/ AV on wavefunction and orbitals Mulitelectron atoms and electron configurations AV on wavefunction and orbitals Mulitelectron atoms and electron configurations Covalent and Ionic bond Covalent and ionic bond Electronegativity concept AV AV-3 AV-4 AV-5 AV-6 AV-7 AV-8AV-9 AV-10 AV-11 AV-12 AV-13 AV-14 AV-15 AV-16 AV-17 Hybridization and Shapes of molecules MO theory AV on MO of homonuclear diatomic molecules Av on rate law Av on transition state theory AV on catalysis AV on concept of redox reaction Balancing redox reaction Electrochemical cell AV-18 AV-19 AV-20 AV-21 AV-22 AV-23 AV-24 http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-21 / http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-22/ http://ocw. it. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-23/ http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-27/ http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-28/ http://wwwchem. uwimona. edu. jm:1104/courses/CFT. html http://ocw. mit. edu/courses/chemistry/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall2008/video-lectures/lecture-30/Classification of acid -base Autoionization of Water, pH Function, Strength of Acids and Bases,Equilibrium Involving Weak Acids and bases pH of salt solutions,buffers, Common ion effect, Acid-base titration. Introduction of coordination compounds, Nomenclature, Crystal Field Theory in octahedral complexes CFT Application of crystal field theory in magnetic properties and colour of the complex LTP week distribution: (LTP Weeks) Weeks before MTE Weeks After MTE Spill Over 7 6 2 Detailed Plan For LecturesWeek Number Lecture Number Broad Topic(Sub Topic) Chapters/Sections of Text/reference books Other Readings, Lecture Description Relevant Websites, Audio Visual Aids, software and Virtual Labs Introduction to syllabus and general discussion on chemical principles Discovery of electron and nucleus Introduction to syllabus and general discussion on chemical principles Discovery of electron and nucleus Learning Outcomes Pedagogical Tool Demonstration/ Case Study / Images / animation / ppt etc. Planned AV17 Week 1 Lecture 1 Atoms and Molecules(Importance T-1:Ch 1 Page 14-15 of chemical principles,Discovery and 25 section 1. of electron and nucleus,Waveand 1. 9 particle duality of light and matter) R-1:Ch 1 Page 25-27 Section 1. 5 Atoms and Molecules(Importance T-1:Ch 1 Page 14-15 of chemical principles,Discovery and 25 section 1. 6 of electron and nucleus,Waveand 1. 9 particle duality of light and matter) R-1:Ch 1 Page 25-27 Section 1. 5 Making them aware about the syllabus and its importance Lecture 2 Making them aware about the syllabus and its importance AV17 Week 1 Lecture 2 Atoms and Molecules(Schrodinger T-1:Ch 1 Page 14-15 equation,Quantum and 25 section 1. 6 numbers,Concept of wavefunction 1. and Ch 1 Page 32 and orbitals) -35 Section 1. 11 T-2:Ch 7 Page 279283 Section 7. 4and Ch 7 Page 286-287 Section 7. 6 Atoms and Molecules(Schrodinger T-1:Ch 1 Page 14-15 equation,Quantum and 25 section 1. 6 numbers,Concept of wavefunction 1. 9 and Ch 1 Page 32 and orbitals) -35 Section 1. 11 T-2:Ch 7 Page 279283 Section 7. 4and Ch 7 Page 286-287 Section 7. 6 Atoms and Molecules(Schrodinger T-1:Ch 1 Page 14-15 equation,Quantum and 25 section 1. 6 numbers,Concept of wavefunction 1. 9 and Ch 1 Page 32 and orbitals) -35 Section 1. 11 T-2:Ch 7 Page 279283 Section 7. 4and Ch 7 Page 286-287 Section 7. Atoms and Molecules (Mulitelectron atoms and electro n configurations) T-1:Ch 1 Page 27-31 35-40 Section 1. 10 1. 12-1. 13 De Broglie Equation, Limitation and numerical Schrodinger equation only and its Importance To explain particle and AV18 wave nature of matter and concept of wavefunctions ,orbitals Lecture 3 De Broglie Equation, Limitation and numerical Schrodinger equation only and its Importance To explain particle and AV18 wave nature of matter and concept of wavefunctions ,orbitals Week 2 Lecture 4 De Broglie Equation, Limitation and numerical Schrodinger equation only and its ImportanceTo explain particle and AV18 wave nature of matter and concept of wavefunctions ,orbitals spd orbitals shapes orientations including s p and d orbitals shapes orientations including nodes Electronic configuration of elements up to 30 atomic number using three building up principles Aufbaus rule Pauli Exclusion principle Hunds rule of maximum multiplicity Only electronegativity Pauling Concepts of Electronegativity To introduce the AV19 20 21 co ncept of orbital to define the arrangement of electrons at different energy level within an atomLecture 5 Atoms and Molecules(Electronegativity concepts,periodic properties) T-1:Ch A Page 87-91 Section A. 1 A. 2 T-2:Ch 7 Page 358375 To provide how does a AV24 covalent bond develop HW1 allotment ionic character Week 2 Lecture 5 Chemical Bonding(Covalent bonds, ionic bonds (Fajan's rule)) T-1:Ch A Page 87-88 Section A. 1 A. 2 and Ch 2 Page 49-54 Section 2. 1-2. 2 T-2:Ch 9 Page 366369 Section 9. 4 T-1:Ch A Page 87-88 Section A. 1 A. 2 and Ch 2 Page 49-54 Section 2. 1-2. 2 T-2:Ch 9 Page 366369 Section 9. 4 T-1:Ch A Page 87-91 Section A. 1 A. T-2:Ch 7 Page 358375 T-1:Ch 2 Page 58-64 T-2:Ch 10 Page 417429 T-1:Ch 2 Page 64-67 Section 2. 6 T-2:Ch 10 Page 429 -432 Section 10. 6 T-1:Ch 2 Page 67-70 Section 2. 6 T-2:Ch 10 Page 432437 Section 10. 7 RW-3 Lewis dot symbols Ionic bond Polar Non polar Covalent bonds and Comparision of the properties of covalent and ionic compounds, Fajans Rule Lewi s dot symbols Ionic bond Polar Non polar Covalent bonds and Comparision of the properties of covalent and ionic compounds, Fajans Rule Only electronegativity Pauling Concepts of ElectronegativityTo provide what type of AV22 23 bonding exist between various atoms to form a molecule Lecture 6 Chemical Bonding(Covalent bonds, ionic bonds (Fajan's rule)) To provide what type of AV22 23 bonding exist between various atoms to form a molecule Atoms and Molecules(Electronegativity concepts,periodic properties) To provide how does a AV24 covalent bond develop HW1 allotment ionic character Week 3 Lecture 7 Chemical Bonding(hybridization and shapes of molecules) sp sp2 and sp3 hybridization and their examples Concept BMO ABMO Bond Order Magnetic characterTo determine how do AV25 various atoms combine to form a molecule To define the existence AV26 stability and property magnetic character of molecule To define the existence AV27 stability and property magnetic character of molecule Lecture 8 C hemical Bonding(Molecular orbital theory) RW-4 Lecture 9 Chemical Bonding(molecular orbital diagram for homonuclear diatomic molecules) MO diagram Bond order and magnetic character of Homonuclear diatomic molecule only Week 4 Lecture 10Solid state(Idea of spatial T-1:Ch 3 Page 95-97 periodicity of lattices,band theory) Section 3. 1-3. 2 Amorphous and To define the nature of crystalline substance unit the substance formed cell Space Lattice due to arrangement of atoms or molecules Band theory Conduction To explain the electrical valence band Energy property of different Gap Application in substances Conductors Band theory Conduction To explain the electrical HW 1 submission valence band Energy property of different Gap Application in substances Semiconductor Types n nd p , Insulators Lecture 11 Solid state(Electrical properties of material like conductor) T-1:Ch B Page 142144 Section B. 3-B. 4 T-2:Ch 20 Page 876878 Section 20. 3 T-1:Ch B Page 145 Section B. 4 T-2:Ch 20 Page 876878 Se ction 20. 3 Lecture 12 Solid state(semiconductor and insulator) Week 5 Lecture 13 Chemical dynamics and Catalysis (Rate laws,nuclear chemistry and elementary reactions) T-1:Ch 6 Page 261268 Section 6. 1-6. 3 T-2:Ch 13 Page 546 – 564 567 Section 13. -13. 3 T-1:Ch 6 Page 287289 Section 6. 6 T-2:Ch 13 Page 568571 Section 13. 4 RW-5 Rate Order of reactions Units of Rate constant Rate law Integrated rate Law derivation amp numerical based on zero amp first Order reactions To have the understanding of reaction the stochiometry of reactants to form products AV28 Lecture 14 Chemical dynamics and Catalysis (Collision theory, Arrhenius concept,application of transition state theory (Energy profile diagram))Collision theory and To explain how do factors affecting it,No various reactions takes Derivation Arhenius place equation terms Activation energy Energy profile diagrams including intermediate and transition state reaction mechanism and To explain the sequence AV29 its evidence of st eps in a reaction and verification of proposed mechanism Lecture 15 Chemical dynamics and Catalysis (Reaction mechanism) T-1:Ch 6 Page 281286 289 Section 6. 56. 6 T-2:Ch 13 Page 571581 Section 13. 4 and13. 5 T-1:Ch 13 Page 581 and 586-588. Section 13. 6 T-2:Ch 14 Page737738 Week 6 Lecture 16 Chemical dynamics and Catalysis (Enzyme catalysis) nzyme catalysis, Protein To explain the increase AV30 chain peptidase in rate of reaction due Test 1 Allotment to substance without being consumed itself during the course of reaction taking enzyme catalysis Homework,Test 1 RW-6 Reduction amp oxidation To provide basics of Oxidizing and reducing electrochemistry To agents Oxidation number provide basics of electron transfer Balancing redox reaction reactions by ion electron method Galvanic cell Anode cathode Salt bridge and its significance Standard reduction potential and SHE Application of series Analytical numerical To explain how a chemical reaction is used to generate electricity and to pro vide possible combination of reactants in order to generate electricity AV31 32 Lecture 17 Lecture 18 Electrochemistry(Concept of Redox reaction,Balancing redox reaction) T-1:Ch 8 Page 330332 Section 8. 2-8. 3 T-2:Ch 19 Page 820 822 Section 19. 1 Week 7 Lecture 19 Electrochemistry(Electrochemical T-1:Ch 8 Page 332cell,Application of electrochemical 335 Section 8. 4 Ch 8 series) Page 335-342 345 347-352 Section 8. 58. 6 8. 8 T-2:Ch 19 Page 823 825 Section 19. Ch 19 Page 827 – 830 Section 19. 3 RW-7 Av33 Week 7 Lecture 20 Electrochemistry(Electrochemical T-1:Ch 8 Page 332cell,Application of electrochemical 335 Section 8. 4 Ch 8 series) Page 335-342 345 347-352 Section 8. 58. 6 8. 8 T-2:Ch 19 Page 823 825 Section 19. 2 Ch 19 Page 827 – 830 Section 19. 3 Electrochemistry(Nernst equation, corrosion) T-1:Ch 8 Page 335342 345 347-352 Section 8. 5-8. 6 8. 8 Ch 19 Page 853-854 868 Section 19. 119. 7 T-2:Ch 19 Page 827 830 Section 19. 3 Page 844 – 848 Section 19. 7 T-1:Ch 8 Page 335342 345 347-352 Section 8. 5-8. 6 8. 8 Ch 19 Page 853-854 868 Section 19. 119. 7 T-2:Ch 19 Page 827 830 Section 19. 3 Page 844 – 848 Section 19. 7 RW-7Galvanic cell Anode cathode Salt bridge and its significance Standard reduction potential and SHE Application of series Analytical numerical To explain how a chemical reaction is used to generate electricity and to provide possible combination of reactants in order to generate electricity Av33 Nernst equation numerical General Type Dry and wet Rusting of iron Corrosion prevention including cathodic protection Nernst equation and To explain deterioration of metals and its prevention Lecture 21 Electrochemistry(Nernst equation, corrosion) Nernst equation numerical General Type Dry and wet Rusting of iron Corrosion prevention including cathodic protection Nernst equation and To explain deterioration of metals and its prevention MID-TERMWeek 8 Lecture 22 Acid and bases(Classification of acid-bases, auto ionization of wat er, pH function, strength of acids and bases) T-2:Ch 15 Page 646 – 652 Section 15. 1 15. 2 15. 3 15. 4 RW-8 Different Concepts Arrhenius Bronsted Lowry and Lewis Autoionization of Water pH and Its measurement Strength of Acids and Bases Different Concepts Arrhenius Bronsted Lowry and Lewis Autoionization of Water pH and Its measurement Strength of Acids and Bases Equilibrium Involving Weak Acids and base To explain Different Concepts of Acid and bases pH AV 34 35 Lecture 23 Acid and bases(Classification of acid-bases, auto ionization of water, pH function, strength of acids and bases)T-2:Ch 15 Page 646 – 652 Section 15. 1 15. 2 15. 3 15. 4 RW-8 To explain Different Concepts of Acid and bases pH AV 34 35 Lecture 24 Acid and bases(Equilibrium T-2:Ch 15 Page 647– involving weak acids. equilibrium 663 Section15. 5 15. 6 involving weak bases) Acid base equilibria understanding AV 35 Week 9 Lecture 25 Acid and bases(Equilibrium T-2:Ch 15 Page 647– involving wea k acids. equilibrium 663 Section15. 5 15. 6 involving weak bases) Acid and bases(pH of salt solutions,buffers) T-2:Ch 15 Page 674 – 679 Section 15. 10 Ch 16 Page 698 – 716 Section 16. 216. 4 R-1:Ch 6Page259266 T-2:Ch 15 Page 674 – 679 Section 15. 10 Ch 16 Page 698 – 716 Section 16. 216. R-1:Ch 6Page259266 T-2:Ch 16 Page 698 – 716 Section 16. 216. 4 R-1:Ch 7 Page286314 T-1:Ch 4 Page 165170 Section 4. 5-4. 6 Equilibrium Involving Weak Acids and base pH of salt solutions and buffers Acid base equilibria understanding buffer and salt pH determination AV 35 Lecture 26 AV36 Lecture 27 Acid and bases(pH of salt solutions,buffers) pH of salt solutions and buffers buffer and salt pH determination AV36 Acid and bases(Common ion effect,acid-base titration) Common ion effect and Understanding pH acid base titration curves metric titration ex strong base vs weak acid AV36 Week 10 Lecture 28 Transition Metal Chemistry (Introduction and nomenclature of coordinati on compounds)Coordination compounds To explain the basics of AV 37 Ligands Donor atoms metalcomplexes coordination sphere Chelates oxidation state of central metal coordination number Nomenclature examples RW-9 Concept Splitting Energy Factors effecting Splitting Nature of ligands including Spectrochemical series oxidation state of metal and size of d orbitals CFSE in Tetrahedral complexes Splitting in square planar Comparision between Splitting energy of Octahedral and Tetrahedral complexes Effect of geometry on crystal field splitting To define the existence AV 38 39 and stability of different octahedral tetrahedral and square planar complexes of metals Lecture 29 Transition Metal Chemistry (Crystal Field Theory) T-1:Ch 4 Page 155160 Section 4. 2 Week 10 Lecture 30 Transition Metal Chemistry (Crystal Field Theory) T-1:Ch 4 Page 155160 Section 4. 2 RW-9Concept Splitting Energy Factors effecting Splitting Nature of ligands including Spectrochemical series oxidation state of metal an d size of d orbitals CFSE in Tetrahedral complexes Splitting in square planar Comparision between Splitting energy of Octahedral and Tetrahedral complexes Effect of geometry on crystal field splitting Application of crystal field theory in magnetic properties and colour of the complex Application of crystal field theory in magnetic properties and colour of the complex To define the existence AV 38 39 and stability of different octahedral tetrahedral and square planar complexes of metals Week 11 Lecture 31 Transition Metal Chemistry T-1:Ch 4 Page 163(Application of crystal field theory 164 Section 4. 4 in magnetic properties) T-2:Ch 22 Page 950955 Section 22. Transition Metal Chemistry(Colour T-1:Ch 4 Page 163of the complexes) 164 Section 4. 4 T-2:Ch 22 Page 950955 Section 22. 5 To explain the Av 40 properties magnetic character and colour of metal complexes To explain the AV 40 properties magnetic character and colour of metal complexes Lecture 32 Organometallics(Introductory theory of organometallics and its application) T-1:Ch C Page 187192 Section C. 1 Introduction Example of To explain the basics of Grignard reagent metalcarbon complexes ZeiglerNatta catalyst Application In polymerization with reaction hemoglobin and chlorophyll molecule use of metal in biological system Organometallics(Metals in biology) Lecture 33 Polymerization(Classification of polymers)R-1:Ch 18 page 941945 T-1:Ch 14 Page 601605 Section 14. 114. 2 Terms Monomer To explain different Oligomers Polymers types of polymers polymerization Degree of polymerization Functionality Clasification on the basis of structure types of monomer units Including Types of Copolymers occurance method of synthesis stereochemistry and thermal behavior Uses Addition Condensation and Copolymerisation with examples To provide various Test 2 allotment methods of synthesis of polymers Week 12 Lecture 34 Polymerization(Type of polymerisation) T-1:Ch 14 Page 606607 Section 14. 3 Week 12 Lecture 35 Polymerization(Ap plication of polymers) T-1:Ch 14 Page 601605 634-638 648-649 653-655 Section 14. 1-14. 14. 5-14. 6 Application of polymers To provide uses of polymers Lecture 36 Week 13 Lecture 37 Photochemistry(Jablonskii diagram) Photochemistry(Concept of fluorescence) T-1:Ch 22 Page 984986 Section 22. 3 T-1:Ch 22 Page 983989 Section 22. Homework,Test 2 Jablonskii diagram Singlet triplet To explain different possibilities on absorption of radiation Lecture 38 Concept of fluorescence To provide influence of rdiation on behavior of matter phosphorescence Quantum Yield Application of photochemistry in Photovoltaic solar cell To provide influence of rdiation on behavior of matter To use the principle of photochemistry in Photovoltaic solar cellPhotochemistry(Phosphorescence) T-1:Ch 22 Page 987989 Section 22. 5 Lecture 39 Photochemistry(Application of photochemistry in photo voltaic cell /solar cell) T-1:Ch 22 Page 989991 Section 22. 6 SPILL OVER Week 14 Lecture 40 Lecture 41 Revision Revision revisio n of syllabi upto MTE revision of syllabi after MTE Scheme for CA: Component Homework,Test Frequency 2 Total :Out Of 3 Each Marks Total Marks 10 10 20 20 Details of Academic Task(s) AT No. Objective Topic of the Academic Task Nature of Academic Task (group/individuals/field work Evaluation Mode Allottment / submission Week 2/4 Homework 1 To analyze comprehensive and analytical skills of studentsWave-particle duality of light and matter, Schrodinger equation, Individual Quantum numbers, Concept of wavefunction and orbitals, Mulitelectron atoms and electron configurations, covalent bonds, ionic bonds (Fajan’s rule) and electro-negativity concepts, hybridization and shapes of molecules, Molecular orbital theory, molecular orbital diagram for homonuclear diatomic molecule. performance based Homework,Test 1 To analyze the conceptual and analytical skills of students Wave-particle duality of light and matter, SchrA? AÂ ¶dinger Individual equation, Quantum numbers, Concept of wavef unction and orbitals, Mulitelectron atoms and electron configurations, covalent bonds, ionic bonds (Fajan's rule) and electro-negativity concepts, hybridization and shapes of molecules, Molecular orbital theory, molecular orbital diagram for homonuclear diatomic molecule.Concept of crystalinity and type of lattices, Band theory and its application in electrical properties of material like conductor, semiconductor and insulator Rate laws,Nuclear chemistry and elementary reaction, Collision theory, Arhenius concept, Application of Transition state theory (Energy profile diagram), Reaction mechanism . Concept of Redox reaction, Balancing redox reaction Individual Electrochemical cell, Nernst equation, Application of electrochemical series, Corrosion, Classification of Acid-Bases, Autoionization of Water, pH Function, Strength of Acids and Bases, Equilibrium Involving Weak Acids. Equilibrium involving weak bases, pH of salt solutions, and buffers,Common ion effect,Acid-base titration, I ntroduction of coordination compounds, Nomenclature, Crystal Field Theory and its application. Classification of polymers. Performance based 6/6 Homework,Test 2To analyze the knowledge of students which they gained from this course. Performance based 11 / 11 Plan for Tutorial: (Please do not use these time slots for syllabus coverage) Tutorial No. Lecture Topic Type of pedagogical tool(s) planned (case analysis,problem solving test,role play,business game etc) Tutorial 1 Importance of chemical principles,Discovery of electron Problem solving and nucleus,Wave-particle duality of light and matter, Schrodinger equation, Quantum numbers Concept of wavefunction and orbitals, Mulitelectron atoms and electron configurations,electro-negativity concepts,Periodic properties Problem solving Tutorial 2 Tutorial 3

Repentance in Cry, the Beloved country Essay

Through Paton’s use of faith and forgiveness in Cry, the Beloved Country he demonstrates the concept of redemptive value through Kumalo’s suffering and Absalom’s repentance. Kumalo’s suffering makes the reader feel sympathetic because of the sudden, yet constant, uprising conflicts in the storyline. Absalom’s repentance makes the reader feel reflective because they start to consider the moral lessons being taught in the story. Faith and forgiveness are combined to create the redemptive value of suffering, or repentance. The concept of forgiveness in Cry the Beloved Country is very crucial to the plot because Kumalo has many family members that he needs to forgive before he can leave Ndotsheni to go and help them in Johannesburg. When Kumalo’s wife questions him about his well-being he replies angrily, â€Å"Hurting myself? Hurting myself? I do not hurt myself, it is they who are hurting me. My own son, my own sister, my own brother. They go away and do not write anymore. Perhaps it does not seem to them that we suffer. Perhaps they do not care for it. †(39) Here Kumalo comes to the realization of the importance of this trip to Johannesburg, he must go there to find them and forgive them for the suffering they have caused. When he first goes to find his sister, Gertrude, he is angry at her for shaming his family, â€Å"You have shamed us, he says in a low voice, not wishing to make it known to the world. A liquor seller, a prostitute, with a child and you do not know where it is? Your brother a priest? How could you do this to us? † (61) Kumalo becomes angry interrogating her about her sins hoping, possibly knowing, that between the fear, discomfort, and guilt she feels that she will repent and pray to become a better person. In Book two the perspective shifts to James Jarvis, Father of late Arthur Jarvis, James Jarvis doesn’t have any need to necessarily forgive but he does reconcile a bit while finding things around Arthur’s home and talking to Arthur’s father in-law. While speaking to Harrison, Arthur’s father in-law, James mentions â€Å"‘Although his life was different’, he said, ‘you understood it. ’ ‘Yes, James’ ‘I’m sorry I didn’t understand it’ then he said in a whisper, ‘I didn’t know it would ever be so important to understand it. ’†(175) He feels a bit guilty for not attempting to understand his son’s political importance in life and for not knowing all that he had accomplished during his time alive. In order for someone to forgive another you must also make amends with God, which is why faith is important in the novel. Kumalo talked to Father Vincent about amendment of life, â€Å"‘We spoke of amendment of life’, said the white priest. ‘Of the amendment of your son’s life. And because you are a priest, this must matter to you more than all else, more even than your suffering and your wife’s suffering. † (141) When Father Vincent says that he being a priest matters more than his suffering it demonstrates the important of faith. Father Vincent seems to be suggesting that having a member of Kumalo’s congregation commit murder is more devastating than having his son commit murder. As previously mentioned faith is more important and in this way Kumalo must grieve over the loss of his son and the loss of a member of his congregation. Courage, faith, and hope are all very closely related as courage and hope are commonly religious principle. Knowing the important of faith and forgiveness in Cry, the Beloved Country , after all has been said and done, Absalom is sentenced to death, â€Å"Still kneeling, the father took his son’s hands, and they were not lifeless any more, but clung to his, seeking some comfort, some assurance. And the old man held them more strongly, and said again, ‘be of good courage, my son. ’†(241) Kumalo gives Absalom this simple statement and soon after leaves him to go home and return to Ndotsheni. The first part of the quote, â€Å"and they were not lifeless anymore† is very important because he has transformed from this lifeless criminal into a guilty caring son through faith. Absalom had in fact repented for his crime and can die a forgiven man. The redemptive value of suffering is â€Å"the belief that human suffering, when accepted and offered up in union with the Passion of Jesus, can remit the just punishment for one’s sins or for the sins of another. †(ww. thedefender. org) repentance is equal to this which is mentioned several times through the trial of Absalom Kumalo. The trial is a frustration to the reader because of the honesty of Absalom, â€Å"‘There is no lie in it, for I said to myself, I shall not lie any more, all the rest of my day, nor do anything that is evil. ’ ‘In fact you repented? ’ ‘Yes, I repented. ’†(199) Absalom told the truth and committed a crime out of fear, which brings into question how did he deserve the punishment he was given? He was sentenced to be hung until death, even though this wasn’t ideal, he died with faith, and repentance, and a new family. His moment of true repentance appears to be when he chooses to name his child Peter, this is biblical symbolism for the story of King David, his son was named Absalom and he rebelled against his father. Absalom, soon repented by naming his child Peter, the disciple that denied knowing Jesus. Kumalo knows that Absalom can repent when father Vincent says, â€Å"‘A man may repent him of any evil. ’†(141)This is assuring to Kumalo as now he knows that if his son tries he will be forgiven by God which gives Kumalo peace within. Alan Paton successfully demonstrated the concept of repentance through faith and forgiveness and caused the reader to feel sympathetic and reflective. Paton creates the effect on the reader through Kumalo’s suffering and Absalom’s repentance. The element of repentance is very important to faith and to the story line. Absalom’s repentance is what helps his father and himself deal with the grave sentence of death. Kumalo returns before Absalom’s hanging and continues to live life and move on with the new members of the family.

The Effects of Decreasing Oil Prices on OPEC Creator States Essay

The Effects of Decreasing Oil Prices on OPEC Creator States - Essay Example OPEC was founded in Baghdad, triggered by a 1960 law instituted by American President Dwight Eisenhower that forced quotas on Venezuelan and Persian Gulf oil imports in favor of the Canadian and Mexican oil industries. Eisenhower cited national security, land access to energy supplies, at times of war. When this led to falling prices for oil in these regions, Venezuela's president Romulo Betancourt reacted seeking an alliance with oil producing Arab nations as a preemptive strategy to protect the continuous autonomy and profitability of Venezuela's natural resource: oil (Perkins, 2005). As a result, OPEC was founded to unify and coordinate members' petroleum policies. Original OPEC members include Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela. Between 1960 and 1975, the organization expanded to include Qatar (1961), Indonesia (1962), Libya (1962), the United Arab Emirates (1967), Algeria (1969), and Nigeria (1971). Ecuador and Gabon were members of OPEC, but Ecuador withdrew on December 31, 1992 because they were unwilling or unable to pay a $2 million membership fee and felt that they needed to produce more oil than they were allowed to under the OPEC quota. Similar concerns prompted Gabon to follow suit in January 1995. Angola joined on the first day of 2007. Indonesia reconsidered its membership having become a net importer and being unable to meet its production quota. The United States was a member during its formal occupation of Iraq via the Coalition Provisional Authority (Yergin; Perkins, 2005). Indicating that OPEC is not averse to further expansion, Moh ammed Barkindo, OPEC's Secretary General, recently asked Sudan to join. Iraq remains a member of OPEC, though Iraqi production has not been a part of any OPEC quota agreements since March 1998. In May 2008, Indonesia left the OPEC group because of the soaring prices and the rising oil demand in East Asia. Economists think that the withdrawal of Indonesia will have little effect on OPEC and on the oil prices even though it has a high percentage in world oil production (Kohl, 2002; Perkins, 2005). The persistence of the Arab-Israeli conflict finally triggered a response that transformed OPEC into a formidable political force. After the Six Day War of 1967, the Arab members of OPEC formed a separate, overlapping group, the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, for the purpose of centering policy and exerting pressure on the West over its support of Israel. Egypt and Syria, though not major oil-exporting countries, joined the latter grouping to help articulate its objectives. Later, the Yom Kippur War of 1973 galvanized Arab opinion. Furious at the emergency re-supply effort that had enabled Israel to withstand Egyptian and Syrian forces, the Arab world imposed the 1973 oil embargo against the United States and Western Europe. In the 1970s, the great Western oil conglomerates suddenly faced a unified block of producers. This Arab-Israeli conflict triggered a crisis already in the making. The West could not continue to increase its energy use 5% annually, pay low oi l prices, yet sell inflation-priced goods to the petroleum producers in the Third World. This was stressed by the Shah of Iran, whose nation was the world's second-largest exporter of oil, and one of the closest allies of the United States in the Middle East at the time. "Of

Goal of education Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Goal of education - Research Paper Example Education begins when a person is born. The initial education in a person’s life is acquired from the mother or the guardian. After which, a person advances to other formal education stages. The steps include preschool, primary, secondary, and higher level education. There are those in the society who benefit from special education such as the mentally handicapped (Arnove, 2007). Apart from the formal methods of education mentioned above, there are other forms that people use to acquire knowledge. Among them are alternative forms, indigenous forms, informal learning and self-directed learning (Schlosser & Simonson, 2010). There are many stakeholders’ to education. There are important roles assigned to each stakeholder in order to attain the goals of education. Among the stakeholders are students, parents or guardians, teachers, government, community, and businesses among others (Whitehead, 1967). The theory stipulates the purposes for the educational persuasion. The theory discusses in depth particular issues such as goals of schools, educational psychology, learning modalities, philosophy and curriculum (Collins,

Math Quiz Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Math Quiz - Speech or Presentation Example HINT: Please find points on each of y = f( x ) and y = g( x ) and compare the points on y = f( x ) and y = g( x ). 15. Please feel free to use the graph of the equation or test algebraically to determine whether the following equation is an odd function, an even function, a function that is neither odd nor even, or a function that is both odd and even. 19. The weight M of an object on the moon varies directly as its weight E on earth. A person weighs 169.76 lbs on earth weighs 28.86 lbs on the moon. How much would a 241.76-lb person weigh on the moon? 20. The stopping distance d of a car after the brakes have been applied varies directly as the square of the speed r. If a car traveling 60 mph can stop in 200 ft, how fast can a car travel and will stop in 72 ft? d ÃŽ ± r2 or d= kr2 for a speed of 60 mph , the distance is 200ft. therefore, 200= k (60)2 k= 200/3600 = 0.0556 ; Hence d= 0.0556r2 . For a car to stop at 72 ft; 72= 0.0556r2 ; r2= 72/0.0556 = 1294.96 hence r = 35.9856 mph or approximately 36

Law specialism Incorporated - legal firms and internships Essay - 1

Law specialism Incorporated - legal firms and internships - Essay Example Statistic from the Chartered Institute of Personnel Development reveals that more than 20 percent of the employers have plans to hire interns between April and September 2010, this being an increase from the summer of 2009 where only 13 per cent of the employers in the market were willing to hire these interns. On the other hand, the government has supported internships through the Graduate Talent Pool initiative that was initiated in July 2009 that aims at providing additional opportunities to the graduates that have just concluded their studies and are struggling to find work in the recession period. Although there are employment regulations governing the conduct of the organizations that are willing to employ these interns, there are no requirements for the internships to be paid. An internship charter drawn up by the Chartered Institute of Personnel Development voluntarily has codes of practice details a list of six principles upon which an internship should be based to advance t he interests of the intern as well as the hosting organization. It proposes that the recruitment of the interns should be done the same way employees are recruited and proper consideration placed upon the qualifications and skills they have best fit in with the roles they are expected to fill in the firm as well as the advertisement of the internship indicating the length of the internship period. The intern should be indicted into the firm and given the necessary support to integrate them into the firm, offer supervision to the intern, answer questions and provide feedback to the necessary issues they feel need assessment. A formal performance review should be conducted formally by the firm on the intern’s period and give an evaluation of both the firm and the intern. The employees as well as the interns should be treated with the same degree of professionalism as expected in the working environment and be allowed time off occasionally to attend job interviews or complete st udy requirements that come with the completion of the internship period. At the end of the internship period, the firm should be willing to give a certification or a reference letter to the interns with details of the roles undertaken as well as the results of the performance review conducted to help such an intern in his future career development. The Association of Chief Executives of Voluntary Organizations at any one time has 5 interns and roughly 30 staff engaged in a wide variety of responsibilities relating to research, lobbying, campaigning and press work,  including  drafting correspondence, articles and press releases, preparing policy briefings, and managing their own policy projects, (Acevo Policy Internships, 2013 p. 1). Under The Minimum Wage Act 1998, a worker is someone who has a contract of employment either oral or written with a firm to perform certain duties, services or work for another party that has to be expresses or implied in the stipulated contract and he must be paid a minimum wage unless they are subjected to some special exemptions. Hence it is not an outright assumption that an intern is a worker due to some internship characteristics to do with work experience, voluntary work or work shadowing schemes. In the general traditional approach, internship periods last six to

Total cost minimization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Total cost minimization - Essay Example These activities relate to different fields of engineering including Textile Engineering, Chemical Engineering, and Agricultural Engineering. One field of engineering that has been very dominating in all ages is the Civil Engineering. There have been unique ways and standards of construction throughout the history. Examples include carved caves to make space for living made by a nation who perished away many centuries ago, the Egyptian Pyramids whose construction reached its apogee â€Å"with the Great Pyramid of Khufu† (Freudenrich, 2012, p. 1), and Taj Mehal made by the Mughal Emperor Shahjehan, to Burj-Al-Arab that is the emblem of civilization and technological power of the present age. A detailed study of the engineering of the past and that of now suggests that man has always practiced the most complicated engineering methods to develop sophisticated and unique structures. The fundamental factor that has changed the most between the engineering of the past and the engine ering of the present age is the ways of construction. Manual work has been increasingly replaced by machines. As a result of this, more work can be achieved now and of higher quality in lesser time unlike the past, when it took several months or even years of uninterrupted labor and yet, the finishing would understandably be not very fine. With the advancement of technology, revolutionary changes have occurred in all fields of engineering and for the most part, the changes have been for the better. Changes in Automotive Engineering Since it is integrally linked with technology, there have occurred revolutionary changes in the automotive engineering over the centuries as a result of increase in the pace of development of technology. Presently, a lot of research is being conducted to improve the competitiveness in the automotive industry on the global scale. The academia-industry linkage is playing a special role in it. For example, presently, the focus of the researchers at Loughboro ugh University is to develop radical and innovative technologies of automation to provide the companies working in the automation industry with different kinds of business advantages. A potential example of this is the business driven automation (BDS) project. â€Å"In this fast-moving sector, the ability to change automated assembly and production systems quickly and efficiently, at minimal cost and risk across multiple global locations, is vital† (lboro.ac.uk, 2012). The contemporary automation systems are complicated in terms of service, integration, optimization, and reconfiguration. Benefits of Cost Minimization Cost minimization is frequently used in the process of product design and introduction into the market in order to bring the cost down and increase the profitability of business. As the name implies, this technique minimizes the costs. Cost minimization is extensively used in many fields in general and pharmacoeconomics in particular as a tool to compare differen t drugs that have equal tolerability and efficacy. In the study of cost-minimization, the individual needs to identify and compare all costs that are incurred in the process of therapeutic intervention so that the most cost-effective alternative can be selected from among the interventions of equal tolerability and efficacy. The concept of cost-minimization can be extended to the manufacturing industries that have

Contemporary issues in management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Contemporary issues in management - Essay Example Gabriel (1995) posited that a terrain exists inside every organisation that is impossible to manage and it comprises employees as individuals and as groups engaged in various spontaneous and unsupervised activities. This gray area of an organisation is referred to unmanaged organisation. The author has described the unmanaged organisation as a dream world within an organisation where emotions, anxieties and desires are expressed in the form of heightened irrational constructs. The author discussed that the major influence in this regard is fantasy while stories, myths, nicknames, jokes, graffiti and gossip form various landmarks. Gabriel (1995) also pointed that unmanaged space within an organisation is multidimensional, affluent in terms of information. According to the author, besides being a privileged domain within the managed organisation, fantasy can be considered as a symbolic reorganising of various official practices of a firm in favour of aesthetic pleasure that allows mome ntary supremacy of sentiments over organisational rationality.Patient, Lawrence and Maitlis (2003) pointed that there are a number of reasons because of which researchers consider workplace as an ideal space for studying emotions as most individuals spend a lot of time and significant portion of their lives at workplace and integrate their energy and ambition therein. Frost and Robinson (1998) supported the authors by suggesting that contemporary workplaces are increasingly becoming stressful.

Contemporary Religious Issues in Christianity Essay Example for Free

Contemporary Religious Issues in Christianity Essay Over time in various religions, there has been conflict. If not within one particular religion then there would be conflicting with each other. Christianity is a religion that most certainly has this issue. With many struggles in religion that people are face with today that would assists in the division of our human population, some religions still share some of the same beliefs. Though all religions are vastly different, the overall belief is geared to praise and worship God. Two religions that will be discussed in this paper that conflict with Christianity are Judaism and Islam. In Judaism, besides cultural division within, most of their conflict is with modern society. In Islam, the Muslim community has a great political outlook that has been coupled with their religious beliefs and stereotyping has been more recently a trigger for conflict. In this paper we will discuss the contemporary issues within Christianity. We will review the historical connections and theological similarities with other religions such as Judaism and Islam. We will also take a look at Christian denominations and how they interact with Buddhism. Contemporary Issues within Christianity Christians have struggles between their own religion, and with other religions beliefs. Christian’s belief in One God, God of Love. We can find a message in the passages of the Bible; in Genesis, a foundation about God’s creation. The concepts: stewardship and creativity, God blessed them; and God gave them this message, Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth, and subdue it; and rule over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the sky, and over every living thing that moves on the earth. Bible) 2012 â€Å". The Love of God gets lost in our daily living style because the temptation, we sin and man abused God’s stewardship, and we don’t follow what God is teaching us to do. Christianity and other religions in this new way of living, we all are challenge to face an inevitable change. Social and new technology is responsible for new changes. We ask ourselves, what about religion in the future. Influences, crisis, economy are slowly changing the conservative religion to their surrounding of cultures. This changes are giving new choices to each one of us, and some choices are giving us ethical and cultural choices that force us to examine ourselves in our most basic philosophical believes. Christians and other religions are facing some areas that may raise ethical and religion beliefs. How Christian must respond to such conditions? How can we live with this society and culture that surrounds us? Christ of Culture perspective is exactly the opposite of Christ against Culture This way of living brings culture and Christianity together. God is giving us life – Why humans want to decide to take away our own lives or others. Where is our belief and trust, or mainly where is our Faith in God. Why we want to take control. If God give us life; we must belief and have trust that he has a plan in our lives. Ethical termination of adult life. Do individuals have the right to end their own lives or the lives or their loved ones? Even with major circumstances, do we get the control; where is our faith and believe that God does the impossible. Christianity questions about today is questioning about euthanasia. Passive or Active). Passive allowing the person to die by discontinuing their treatments and active is taking some positive step to terminate the person life by toxic substance or the injection of an air bubble into the blood stream. Euthanasia is the act of putting the death of a person which their illness in not curable but is violating the six commandment† Thou shalt not kill (Murder). Such consent does not relieve the killer of guilt for the sin of murder. Euthanasia is an instance of murder, which is a categorically forbidden in scripture.  Exodus 20:13 (Bakers, 1973), pp. 222 F. This society is giving us the opportunity to take control in our own hands; new technology is changing tremendously our beliefs and if we don’t wake up. This society will be out of control. Historical Connections and Theological Similarities with Other Religions The main historical connection between Judaism and Christianity is the fact that Christianity is a product of Judaism. This happened around the first century C. E. when Christianity was spreading rapidly throughout Europe. Besides Christianity forming out of Judaism, it has a connection through Jesus Christ, as we all know Jesus was a Jew. In fact for most of his life Jesus practice the Judaist faith and even celebrated Jewish holidays. Some of these holidays even became the basis for some of Christianity’s holidays, such as Easter which is based on the Jewish holiday â€Å"Passover†. Despite the fact that Christianity was a result of Judaism, Christians tended to have more freedom than Jews, while the latter was often persecuted for practicing their religion. Christianity has a connection to Israel that is almost as strong as Judaism. Nazareth which is based in Israel is considered the birthplace of Jesus, as well the birthplace of the Jewish Christian Church, however after the destruction of the church’s temple in 70C. E it seems that the church gradually faded into existence. While there may be some differences in how each religion worships and celebrates their religions. They both emphasize people being kind towards one another, believing in one God, and just being an overall good human being. The Christian and Islamic faith do share some of the same beliefs though their religions are vastly different. They both believe that there is one God and that God created the planet and mankind. They to both agree that God is the way of morality and the way or path of justice. It is also believed between the two religions that overall judgment of life is decided after life by heaven or hell. The fundamentalists Muslims and Christians also believe in pollutants such as porn and licentious helps destroy a community or society. There is a huge negative emotion in the western civilization in Islamic countries which explains the reasons of influences that evolve from out west. Of course there are obvious differences between both Christianity and Islam that will forever be unsettled. In these religions, pivotal doctrines are the points in which Christianity and Islam disagree. The overall tone of both beliefs are peaceful, caring, and loving human beings. The Muslim religion has points of emphasis on being peaceful, for instance; In Islam, the Muslims look to Sura 22:56 who say when speaking of religion there’s no compulsion. Though many in the world of Islam would believe that no compulsion means inside their religious world there is no competition amongst religion. Sura 29:46 says do not have a quarrel with outside religions but only if there is wrong doing. However, Sura 41:34 say to be make nice with the person doing wrong by doing good things for that person. Almost similar is the bible which has its parts of conflict with violence mostly from the Old Testament. It contests that a Canaanite society is infested with evil doings especially child sacrifice. God sent Israelites to enforce against the particular injustice and further on did the same against the Israelites. Situations like this within the scriptures of the bible are specifically minimal in circumstances during this time all implemented by God. But as the Quran would suggest, their religion puts this type of command in any time, place, and against any people or religion. Christian Denominations In religion, there is a power struggle to keep itself together. The ten commandments were clear on this issue. â€Å" Thou shall not worship false idols†, (Ten Commandments, 2002-2011). But there are seven billion people on this planet. Chances are that at least one of those seven billion people would want to worship another idol. From this idea, they would separate from their original church and form their own church. Worshiping whomever they found fit to be the one who deserved to be worshiped. As a matter of fact, this has happened many times in the history of Christianity and Judaism. Why are there so many Christian denominations? Well first we would have to differentiate between the non-Christian cults, and the false religions. Christian denominations are Lutherans, as well as Presbyterians. Then there are Jehovah’s witnesses and the Mormon religion, are examples of such cults. But islam and buddism are separate religions all together. Trials such as the protestant reformation gave rise within the Christian church to denominations. A movement to reform the roman catholic church that took place during the 16th century. Out of this event, four major division of traditional Protestantism emerged. These four were Lutheran, reformed, Anglican, and Anabaptist. But many more denominations would grow over the coming centuries. The denomination Lutheran was named after Martin Luther. This is based off of his teachings. Methodist was named from its founder, John Wesley. John Wesley was famous for coming up with methods for spiritual growth. Presbyterianism is named from their view on the churches leadership, and finally, Baptists. They got the name from the importants of the baptism ceremony. But not all the other denominations believe in baptism. So each one has a slightly different doctrine. Another is the availability of the lords supper to all. Or at least those who’s testimonies could be verified by the church leaders. Looking at why they have divisions, it seems clear that its not about Christ as the lord and savior. But it seems rather the differences of opinion by godly, flawed evidence, people seeking god. Seeking to retain doctrinal purity of what is their understanding of his word. Looking at today, denominations are many and vary wildly. The denominations have spawned numerous styles such as Nazarenes, Christian and Missionary Alliance, Evangelical Free, Assemblies of God, ect. Some styles of denomination, emphasizes very little doctrinal differences. But more often, they simply offer different styles of worship. Fitting the differences of Christians. This is the cause for so many forms of Christianity. Conclusion In this paper we have gone over the contemporary issues within Christianity. We have reviewed the historical connections and theological similarities with other religions such as Judaism and Islam. We have also taken a look at Christian denominations and how they interact with Buddhism. In our research we have found that Christianity and other religions in this new way of living, we all are challenge to face an inevitable change. Social and new technology is responsible for new changes. In these religions, pivotal doctrines are the points in which Christianity and Islam disagree. Christianity has a connection to Israel that is almost as strong as Judaism. Some styles of denomination, emphasizes very little doctrinal differences. But more often, they simply offer different styles of worship.

Rolex Company Analysis

Rolex Company Analysis This report is about the research on a premium product brand on the market. The premium product out team agrees to choose is the Rolex Company product. Rolex Company was the companies that manufactures a high quality hand watch and sells the product to an upper high value to the consumer, Rolex Company also provide technical repair service especially for its product user at different places or facilities due to its different region and its global market or business operations. The objective of Rolex Company is to provide the high and luxury hand watch with innovative technology and design which also promote its brand to a kind of collection item which symbolize as prestige, luxury and high quality. The Vision and mission of Rolex Company was to always put the customer at the first place and make sure that their customer are satisfied with their product and services. Objective Provide the high and luxury hand watch with innovative technology and design and promote its brand to a kind of collection item which symbolize as prestige, luxury and high quality. Vision Mission Statement Always put the customer at the first place. Ensure that their customers are satisfied with their product and services. 2.0.0 Company Summary Rolex is the worlds well known brand in luxury watches. In addition to that, Rolex was included in the luxury watch list of the worlds top brands. It is only brand that able to produce 2000 watches per day and able to earn 3 billion per day. lts brand name , exclusiveness and unique style attract people from all strata of society. 2.1 Background Hans Wilsdorf and his brother-in-law Alfred Davis founded Wilsdorf Davis and signed as WD in the year of 1905 in London, England. Later the name Rolex trademark was registered in 1908 and opened a office in La-Chaux_de-Fond, Switzerland, which was the worlds center for most high quality watch making. The name Rolex in phrase of French were horlogerie exquise which mean exquisite horology. In 1919, the companys headquarters was moved to Geneva, Switzerland, because taxes and export duties in the United Kingdom were driving up costs. The company was first established in Geneva as the Rolex Watch Company. Later, the name changes toÂÂ  Montez Rolex, SAÂÂ  and finally just Rolex, SA. To add on, Rolex was the first company to produce fully waterproof watch (1926), auto-winding watch (1932). 2.2 Company Location Rolex Company split its product and services into two different sections one was the normal direct selling and the other was the service facilities. Until now, The Rolex main headquarter is on Geneva of Switzerland by Rue Francois-Dussaud. In Malaysia are only on Kelantan, Perak, Pulau Pinang, Sabah, Sarawak, and Selangor which the center for direct selling. But there was only one Rolex service center at Malaysia which in Jalan Sultan Ismail at Menara Dion 3.0 Product and services People satisfy their wants and needs with products and services. A product can be provided to a market to satisfy a need or want. Besides that, product include services, which are benefits or activities provided for sale that virtually intangible. Examples include insurance, airline, banking, home repair services and so on. 3.1 Product Description A product is anything that is capable of satisfying customer needs. (David Jobbs) The product was a physical product and took the form of a hand watch. The previous Special edition hand watch manufacture by Rolex Company hand watch model Submarine have evoke a feeling to the customer like a sea because of its blue design on the watch. Rolex Company took the symbol of a crown and places it on its company name to be its brand or logo (figure 1.1) 3.2 Competitive Comparison The Swiss luxury watch making industry is a profitable market. However, new entrants find it difficult to enter the market due to the numerous barriers. In addition to that, there were still many top brands of luxury watches in the market to come up with different styles of watches. Here are some of the top brands and competitors of luxury watches which are famous. Cartier Cartier is a company of the first worldwide luxury watchmaking group and Richemont Compagnie Financiere Group. Cartier enjoys the fame for selling only the first rate quality of jewellery and accessories. Tag Heuer Tag Heuer name has its distinct reputation and status in the world of luxury watches. Furthermore, many Hollywood stars also like to wear Tag Heuer watches. Blancpain Blancpain was founded in 1735 by Jehan Blancpain and is one of the luxury watches in the market. Famous businessmen and celebrities prefer Blancpain watches because Blancopain watches show the exclusiveness and individuality of their personality. 3.3 Supply Demand Details Due to concentrated on its quality and its image, Rolex company supply cannot exceed demand because using the certificate high quality material and qualified craftsmanship to produce each watch will very time taking and some model even required some special technology to produce the model. Refer to the market, this product was considered as inelastic product because increase in price lead to fewer customer to purchase the product. 3.4 Technology needs Rolex has a few series of its watches. There are Automatic Movement, Classic watches, Quartz Movements, Water resistant cases, Collection, Certified Chronometers and Ceramic bezels. Ceramic bezels-The bezel of a watch will exacerbate when exposed to sunlight. Regarding to this issue, Rolex have been motivated to create a unique bezel with a Cerachrom disc. It is essentially scratch-proof and its colour remains unaffected by ultraviolet ray. They are available on the Daytona models, Sea Dweller-Deepsea, Submariner and GMT Master ll. Water-resistant cases- The watch can be survived withstand pressure to a depth of 100m. Classic watches- The classic watches assembled with scrupulous attention to detail and crafted from the first-rate raw materials. 4.0 Market Analysis Market analysis is to understand its evolving threats and opportunities and determine the attractiveness of a market. 4.1 Target Market Segment Strategy Rolex Company using the differentiated Segment by dividing the target market to three group that is normal model, female model, and the special model. These targets also targeting upper high or high social class population because are affordable compare to the lower class. 4.1.1 Industrial Participants / Key Player 1.Rolex 2.Cartier 3.Breitling 4.IWC 5.FranckMuller 6.Blancpain 7.Corum 8.GIRARD-PERREGAUX 9. Audemars Piguet 10. Hublot 4.2 SWOT Analysis Rolex: Strength Brand awareness involves the ability of consumers to remember to the brand name or recognition brand. In the purchase decision, it can play a vital role because people usually like to buy familiar brands. Brand awareness has been calculated by a variety of brands and is available at Annex lV: Brand Awareness. This result shows that Rolex has 97% for awareness. The Rolex brand value is quite high and the name is known around the world. Weakness The strategy has been defined so well but it is hard for the company to change its strategy even how innovative the strategy are. The weakness is that could remain some segments that hard to be achieved on the market. For instance, if the fashion goes to GPS watches, Rolex is hard to changes the strategy because Even they try to change their product to GPS watches, people assume that Rolex to be classic watches. In this case, Rolex would be hard to get a market share of GPS watches Opportunity Rolex brand name is very valuable. It seems that I can be diversified in related fields. Rolex should take the opportunity to open jewelry line over the world. Rolex has the ability to produce jewelry with its technical. Threats The threat of Rolex is youth does not recognize the name of Rolex. Normally, the most mid age people recognize the name of Rolex because most of the segments were set only for mid age people or middle upper social people. Market Need Now days Customers are very concern and picky about on quality on a product especially luxury or premium product or services. To this situation, Rolex Company is very caution on its every product so that will not disappoint the customer and remain the good name of its Company. Other than that, Rolex Company also cautious on its design for every product example what meaning or message want to tell the wearer, or how attractiveness on the customer and probably create a new function technology. 5.0 implementation and strategies 5.1 Marketing strategy The marketing goals of the company are increase awareness of your products and services and increase sales by 150% for next few months. Besides that, the company could use the 5Ps of marketing to achieve its goal. There are product, price, promotion, place and people. After that, the company will test ideas by doing research. The company could done its research through personal interview, survey, e-mail and telephone. 5.2 Pricing Strategy In a nutshell, the Rolex Company could work on value-based pricing structure. Rolex Company will determine the price or value that their consumers willing to buy it. 5.3 Promotion Strategy There are a few ways to promote the company and its products such as advertising, sales promotion and public relation. Those ways able to present information make it clearly to consumers. Furthermore, those ways also able to increase demand and differentiate the products. The company could use advertising as their main components of promotion. Advertising able to spread and present information to people from all strata. The company uses the informative advertising to introducing the new product. Moreover, its objective are telling the market about the new product and building company image. 5.4 Distribution Patterns The company initial focus will be in the China Guang Dong market. There are huge populations and demand strong in China. Such a case, the interest for particular brands is stronger than others in some areas. Omega and Longines got the top two positions in most Chinese provinces. Besides that, the people who live in Guang Dong have preference for Rolex. 5.5 Marketing Program The company could hold the program that retain existing customers and customer retention program. So that, this program able to encourage consumers loyalty and build a strong connection with consumers. This program will uses those social networking to communicate with existing customer and keep updating the information to consumers. 6.0 Web Plan Summary Nowadays, Internet has played an important role in the business. Websites became a dynamic marketing tool for sales. Websites have the ability to build the connection with customers, connection with market partner and connection with the world around us. 6.1 Website Marketing Strategy The use of E-business in Rolex Company. There are intranet, extranets and internet in E-business. Rolex Company creates intranets to help employees able to communicate and to access the information found in the company computers. Furthermore, company should set up the extranet with their supplier to enable information exchange, payments, transactions and orders. The E-commerce able to provide buyers access to comparative information, competitors, products and information about company. Besides that, company could create a marketspaces to offer buyers their products and services online. By using E-marketing, company can communicate about, sell product and services and promote their product over the internet. Company could create or design an attractive website to attract consumer. Creating a website is one thing; getting people to visit the site is another (Marketing an Introduction sixth edition 2003 p99). The important key is to create a good and enough value to get consumers to come to the site , stick around the site and come back again.

Research Paper -- essays papers

Research Paper Recent studies on parental involvement in education have found that there are many benefits for both the student and the adult when parents become involved in their children’s education. Without parent support, it is very difficult for a child to be motivated. From what I have seen growing up, only a small percentage of students are self-motivated, so it is absolutely vital that parents assist in the motivation process. I found this table to be particularly interesting and important. TABLE 3: FREQUENTLY IDENTIFIED OUTCOMES OF PARENTAL AND COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT SCHOOL # 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 To the Student: Raised self-esteem, motivation * * * * * * * * * * Increased Resources * * * * * To Staff and School: Decreased Stress / Improved Performance * * * * * * * * * * Improved Parental Support * * * * * * * * To Parents and Community Improved Realtions with School * * * * * * * * * Better able to help at home * * * (Cross Case Analysis) This is depicting ten different schools that were surveyed about their feelings on certain issues, and it turns out that eight of the ten schools thought parental involvement was necessary. This is either saying that parents are not needed by those two schools, or that their attit... ... importance of parental involvement in education can be found in the following statement. â€Å"Children whose parents are involved in their formal education have many advantages. They have better grades, test scores, long-term academic achievement, attitudes, and behavior than those with disinterested mothers and fathers.† (Henderson, 1988 p.1). Bibliography Peterson, David (1989). Parental Involvement in the Educational Process. ERIC Digest, 89 (ED 312776). Scudder, Gail (2003). Parental Involvement, a Key to Better Education. Morning Call Newspaper, 2003. The WGAL Channel. (2003). Lebanon Revises Parent Report Card Plan. The State of Texas Education. (1999). Parental Involvement in Education. http://www.cppp.org/kidscount/education/parental_involvement.html. Cross Case Analysis. http://www.stemnet.nf.ca/community/TQLLP/models/cca.htm.

Good vs Evil in Beowulf Essay -- Epic Poems, Grendel, Anglo-Saxon

In Beowulf, the clash between good and evil is the poem's main and most significant focal point. Although the epic poem Beowulf utilizes many characteristics of Christian themes, the violence in the poem relates to paganism. By exploring the characteristics of â€Å"good vs. evil† such as Cain, Grendel and Beowulf, this paper will explore the elements of Beowulf in such a light. The Anglo-Saxon poem, Beowulf, was originally told orally then later was written down anonymously in the Old English language. It is not known who or whom wrote this poem down. What we do know is that Beowulf is the oldest surviving epic poem of the English language; the original has suffered irreparable damage in a fire. â€Å"The poem dates back to 1000 AD† (historyforkids.org). â€Å"The materials for the poem are derived mainly from Scandinavian history, folk tale, and mythology. Its narrative consists of two parts: The first relates Beowulf's successful fights with the water monster Grendel and with Grendel's mother; the second narrates the hero's victory in his old age over a dragon and his subsequent death and funeral at the end of a long life of honor† (encyclopedia.com). Both Christianity and Paganism elements were closely intertwined within the poem because there was a religion change in the early medieval Britain. Christian elements were added later in to the poem to connect further to the newly Christian audience. For example, the story of Cain and Abel is mentioned several times throughout the poem; this story is form the Christian Bible. In addition to the story of Cain and Able, God is also reference to several times as well by Beowulf himself. The main purpose of the poem Beowulf is to explain how good always conquers evil. In addition, the poem wa... ...in such as jealousy, which then lead both to act of murder. Of course, like almost every other story good vs. evil is main theme, even in The Bible. Good always defeats evil in the end as portrayed in the poem Beowulf. Works Cited Carr, Dr. Karen. http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/medieval/literature/beowulf.htm, 15 Jan. 2009, web 8 Nov. 2009 Wright, Latonya. http://www.gradesaver.com/beowulf/study-guide/short-summary/, 14 April 2000, web 8 Nov.2009 Genesis 4, http://www.childrenstory.info/biblestoryforchild/chdbblcainandabel.html?cPath=50 web 12 Nov. 2009 "Beowulf", The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Retrieved November 12, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Beowulf.html Lazzari, Marie. Epics for Students: presenting analysis, context, and criticism on commonly studied epics Raffel, Burton. From Beowulf

Why Humans Need God Essay -- Religion Belief Faith Society Essays

Why Humans Need God Why is there a God, deity, or higher consciousness in all cultures found around the world? Why won't the concept of God go away? Do humans need God? Is there even a God, by any religious standard? These are all interesting questions that spur a topic for me that may appall some Christians, but may make sense to a lot of other people. I started out a few years ago when I was evaluating my beliefs and asked myself "Why is there God?." I could not at that time believe without proof that there was a God, and I had no proof. I never got any real proof, just self realization upon self realization that there has to be a God, or at least the thoughts in my mind that corresponded with the thoughts of others in the past and in the present have been dubbed "God" to me. So I go on this journey of writing a paper questioning why in every culture from the first signs of ceremonial burials among Neanderthals to today's highly sophisticated rituals, rights and ceremonies of evolved religion, there seems to be something beyond us, higher than us, something we do not understand, but comforts us on dark, cold lonely nights when we are most vulnerable. In the book, Why God Wont Go Away, by Andrew Newberg, it seems that we are psychologically built to alleviate the existential fears and comfort us in this confusing and perilous world through invention and myths. From the earliest weapon to the latest technological revolution we are trying to make ourselves more secure in this world. That's one reason why it seems that in Christianities' earlier years it was either science or religion; you could not have both. Not only because they had conflicting goals and views, but also because when you had science, the human mind's ... ... Hayes, Brian J. "Friedrich Nietzsche God is Dead." Age-Of-The-Sage.org . 12 Nov 2003. Oct 2002. http://www.age-of-the-sage.org/philosophy/nietzsche_God_dead.html Martin, Joel W. Native American Religion. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. Mbitu, Ngangar, and Ranchor Prime. Essential African Mythology. San Francisco: Thorsons, 1997. Modern Spiritualities. Eds. Laurence Brown, Bernard C. Farr, R. Joseph Hoffmann. Amherst: Prometheus, 1997. Morris, Tom W. Philosophy for Dummies. New York: IDG Books Worldwide, Inc, 1999. Newberg, Andrew, Eugene D'Aquili, and Vince Rause. Why God Won't Go Away. New York: Ballantine Books, 2002. Nietzsche, Friedrich. The Gay Science: With a Prelude in Rhymes and an Appendix of Songs. Trans. Walter Kaufmann. Vintage Books, 1974.

Post-Modern Theory in the 21st Century

Post Modern Theory in the Twenty-First Century As society continues to make the transition into the Information Age the general consensus on social theories is also experiencing change. The way that individuals interact has changed dramatically and is ever changing as evidenced by the phenomenon of the social networking revolution. Social scientists have long hypothesized social theories in an attempt to explain social phenomena and gain a better understanding of society as a whole. The general consensus for contemporary social theory has seen a shift toward post modernism.Post-modernism is the social theory that claims that society is now under the effect of the individual who creates a reality for him or herself. It is this shift towards post modernist-thought that has fueled the social networking revolution by allowing individuals to create an alternative realities for him or her self. Although post-modern social theory does not have any particular social scientist proposing it, i t has gained much popularity in recent years. Post-modern social theory holds that apparent realities are merely social constructs that are subject to change over time.It claims that realities are subject to individual perception and interpretation. Postmodernism also holds that there are no absolute truths and that individual worldviews are completely subjective. These aspects of postmodernism place much importance on the individual rather than groups like previous social theories. In a post-modern society individuals view the world subjectively, which allows them to create their own reality for themselves. Post-Modern social theory’s enablement of individuals to create their own reality can be seen throughout American society.Perhaps this is best evidenced by the use of social networking. Social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter give individuals the ability to create an optimum reality for themselves. No longer does a person have to be physically present to be s een and observed. Social networking allows people to have a â€Å"profile picture† which serves as a reference point for the appearance of an individual. The profile picture can be any image that the individual so chooses to be a representation of them. Having the option of choosing how you are viewed and represented has enabled individuals to create the optimum reality for them.Individuals are no longer subject to being represented by their actual physical appearance. Instead, individuals are free to edit, crop, and select images of them so that they can distort their reality in order to achieve an optimal self-representation. For instance individuals who perceive themselves as unattractive are now able to choose a profile picture that is more flattering to their physical appearance. Another example would be someone using a completely different person in his or her profile picture. The social networking revolution has brought much change in regard to the manner in which indi viduals interact with each other.No longer are interpersonal relationships contingent on physical interaction between individuals. Interactions are now able to take place electronically via the Internet. These changes in interpersonal relationships have been fueled by a shift towards post-modern social theory. It is the postmodern notion of the ability of the individual to make their own reality that has made these changes possible. Individuals are always seeking self-affirmation from their peers and being able to distort reality has become possible with the social networking revolution.

“Early Bird” or “Second Mouse” Essay

â€Å"The early bird may get the worm, but the second mouse gets the cheese.† Decide which of the strategies (â€Å"early bird† or â€Å"second mouse†) is the most effective in your life as a student and life in general. The early bird may get the worm, but the second mouse gets the cheese was first recorded in 1605 in William Camden’s book of proverbs and has remained part of the misplaced work ethic ever since. The early bird gets the worm meaning it is best to start the day early and also not procrastinate on things. ‘But the second mouse gets the cheese’ meaning the first mouse got killed in the mousetrap and so you got rewarded for starting late or procrastinating. So let the other eager person screw up and then learn from their failure and then reap the reward. I am neutrally in this option. If the early bird gets the worm, then how can it be that the second mouse gets the cheese? If we need to motivate our staff to get up and get started, then we might want to state that the early bird get the worm, so let’s get up and get going so as to get there early before anyone else. On the other hand, if the competition has come out with something quicker than we have, then in order to get everyone on point we might say, â€Å"The second mouse gets the cheese.† In other words, if we build upon the original idea that may have been invented first, then we can build something bigger and better. â€Å" The early bird may get the worm† meanings that success comes to those who prepare well and put in effort. Preparation is the cost you need to pay in order to be truly rewarded. You can’t just jump in the ring and expect to win the fight without having first learned how to box and prepare your body for the required endurance. From the moment of birth till death, we work very hard to succeed. In childhood, we learn how to walk and communicate with others though persistence and willingness. Throughout our adolescence, we study hard to achieve good marks and to get a proper job. For example as I am a student, it is best to study early and in small increments well before the test. Do not cram the night before the exam is the best advice for me from my secondary school teacher that make me successfully went into university. However, â€Å"second mouse† is another effective strategies in my life as a student and life in general. Sometimes in life it is smart to learn from the risks that others take and the mistakes they make. The dead mouse in the trap saw the cheese and went for it. Did not work. But the second mouse, though still cautious, was in the enviable position of reaping the reward with no risk. We are all human, therefore we all make mistakes, but the one thing that comes out of these mistakes is we usually learn a lesson. Making mistakes is human nature, none of us are exempt. That is even true in writing this paper, I will have to write many drafts without errors, and to meet what I feel is right. It will only be natural for me to make these mistakes. But, just as in making errors on this paper and making the corrections, making mistakes in life and correcting those makes for a better human being. We need to be smart so that we will be the â€Å"second mouse that get the cheese but not the first mouse that in the trap.

Cyber Hacking

Cyber Hacking Cyber hacking is an act of modifying computer hardware and software, in order to cause damage to other computer system. People who engage in computer activities are known as hackers. What are their purposes to do so? For some hackers, it is just a hobby and the way to determine their level of computerization. They enjoy learning more about how computer works and consider it is an â€Å"art† form. Besides, hackers apply their skill to break passwords, send viruses, and damage computer network security system for their deceitful purpose.Some hacking activities are directed towards individuals, families and organizations as an actual attack. There are many effects caused by cyber hacking. For example financial losses, hackers steal financial information to withdraw funds from an organization. Other than that, some of them received ransom from an organization to bombard other organization’s servers to become overloaded and crash. Furthermore, hackers also pret end to be someone determines to gain unauthorized access to information property. Similar essay: The Other Side of Email Robert KuttnerThey get to use the information to steal funds from banks or credit cards. Apart from that, hackers may hijack politician identity to circulate propaganda that panics the population. As an internet user, we actually are at risk for becoming a victim of cyber hacking. So, how can we avoid from getting hacked? The ways to protect ourselves are do not engage in conversation with strangers, keep passwords protected, do not keep any sensitive materials on computer and make sure the antivirus software is always updated.

Elizabeth Austin Response

A Small Plea to Delete a Ubiquitous Expletive Response In this essay, Elizabeth Austin describes her feelings about the â€Å"F† word. She gives a detailed explanation on why it should not be used in the colloquial language. Austin first gives background knowledge about the â€Å"F† word and how it came to be as the word it is used now. Austin’s thesis is that the â€Å"F† word should not be used in any certain way. Austin first states that the word should be deleted from our use, but before that we must remove the people who use the word. â€Å"Let’s get rid of it.Scholars of social norms say all that’s necessary to remove offensive language from public speech is a critical mass of people willing to take up cudgels against it. † (Austin 6). There are tons of people who use the word and are not willing to get rid of it because they are so used to it. It is one of their words for colloquial language. Austin then describes how women went through different kind of words that described them. â€Å"â€Å"Produce and animals is what we were,† she recalls. â€Å"We were ‘chicks’ and ‘lambs’ and birds’ and bitches,’ and there was always the infamous ‘cherry’†Ã¢â‚¬  (Austin 6).She relates this to women because women were able to change the social norm of being called different things. Austin shows that since women can change the social norm, then society can get rid of the â€Å"F† word. Austin continues with the ways we can get rid of the language. â€Å"Police should start ticketing drivers who use the â€Å"F† word (or the correlating hand gesture)†¦The Motion Picture Association of America movie rating system should be overhauled to give an automatic NC-17 rating to any film that uses the â€Å"F† word even once. (Austin 8-9). Instead of just spreading the word, Austin thinks that we should take it into action. Actions are bigger than words. In the end, Austin concludes that we should reconsider using the word at all. â€Å"You can still use it as a punch line, if you like. You’ll just risk the freezing silence and icy glares now reserved for white people who use the â€Å"N† word in public. † (Austin 12). The reason why she says this is to make the readers feel warned or cautious about using it because it offends others around you.

Debates on Media Effects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Debates on Media Effects - Essay Example With reference to a specific case study, mostly on the use of videogames and its impact on children’s behaviour, an assessment on media effect and influence will be carried out by this essay. Body of the paper The media have various effects on society. In the past 60 years or so, a significant amount of research has been undertaken in order to assess the relationship between the media and the audience in terms of the latter’s behaviour. Much hysteria and concern have been seen among the general population throughout the years have been exhibited based on something they may have watched on television or film (Buckingham, 2003). In 1938, a radio adaptation by Orson Welles of H.G Wells’ science fiction book ‘War of the Worlds’ certainly caused hysteria among the people who believed they were actually being invaded by Martians (Gunter & Harrison, 2013). In the 1950s, American caricatures and comic books have also brought life to violence (Buckingham, 200 3). Psychologists have expressed concerns on the addictive impact of TV on passive children; however, other experts have also noted better cognitive development for children exposed to television (Andison, 1977). The effect of the media is therefore difficult to estimate because it is a resource which has to be understood within the context of the larger society. In other words, it is important to expand â€Å"the media effects tradition to include consideration of normative expectations, institutional performance, constraints and conventions of the media...† (Campbell & Ling, 2009, p. 592). Leading into the 1930s, the media impact has been acknowledged as significant. A so-called hypodermic effect was claimed; however such claim was not founded on scientific processes, but mostly on speculative perceptions (Buckingham, 2003). Researchers further assessed the impact of film on viewers and reached the conclusion that these films prompted children to behave in delinquent manner s; however, the data gathering process in the surveys covered the laboratory process of investigating, with subjects taken out of the social context and evaluated as individuals (Cumberbatch, 1989). In the post-World War II period, a significant shift was seen in the study by Lazarsfeld, Berelson, & Gaudet (1944) establishing that Americans voting in an election utilised the radio as well as newspapers to make their decisions on candidates to vote for. In effect, the media helped reinforce their opinions and decisions. After various studies were carried out assessing media effects, newer approaches were carried out by Blumler and Katz (1974) through their study entitled, The Uses of Mass Communication in 1974. Their study expressed that viewers often have specific needs while watching television (Blumler & Katz, 1974). Sociologists have also discovered that audiences are active viewers, they analyse what they watch and break down the media through conventions, often assessing them i n terms of their social context (Morley, 1995). Still, even with the studies made on the effects, it is still difficult to determine the impact of numerous media text. Viewers of War of the Worlds were actually already very much affected and anxious about the threat of war in most parts of the world (Sherry, 2004). Moreover, the copycat killings following the release of the film Natural Born Killers in 1994 were actually carried out by

Nursing skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Nursing skills - Essay Example I chose to discuss this skill as I noted that I was assigned a patient who refused treatment, and I wanted to know what and how I could manage a depressed patient refusing further care. For this critical analysis, I will apply Driscoll’s reflection model. It is a model which asks three main questions: What? So what? and Now, what? (Driscoll, 2007). These questions would help me assess my actions and the justification for these nursing interventions and skills. In accordance with the mandates of the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008), the names of the clients and other involved health personnel shall not be used, instead, assumed names would be assigned to these patients in this paper. Mildred was a 36 year old woman who was assigned to me during my clinical placement in the mental health unit. She was diagnosed with bipolar disorder and often manifested aggressive behaviour during the manic phase of her disease. Bipolar disorder is a mental health issue wherein individuals go back and forth between very good or highly energized moods and depression (Goodwin and Sachs, 2004). The mood swings may in some cases be quick, but for some, it may take up to days or weeks. As discussed by (Goodwin and Sachs, 2004), bipolar patients can sometimes be severely depressed at one time and later on be highly charged, have poor temper control, be reckless, have little need for sleep, and be easily distracted. Their short temper and reckless behaviour can sometimes lead to aggressiveness and anger especially when they do not get what they want (Goodwin and Sachs, 2004). During my placement, my mentor asked me to administer to Mildred her due medications. As soon as I approached Mi ldred with the medications, she was already glaring at me, showing signs of aggression, like she wanted to hit me. She was also shouting for me to get away from her. When approached by other health providers, she also refused to calm down and turned even more

Not one less (film review) Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Not one less (film ) - Movie Review Example Specifically, teachers in the school can go for several months without payment, important tools of delivering education are in scarcity, and beds are not enough for every student. The film is based on the tenets of the deplorable state of poverty the Chinese rural areas are undergoing. Poverty is prominent when Wei Minzhi is forced to share a bed with a lot of other fellow students. Further, poverty is evident in that the schools are suffering from the scarcity of important materials like chalks for writing. In fact, poverty is the real issue that faces most rural parts in china. The state of affairs in such parts of the country is best described in this movie. In a nutshell, the unfolding of events in this film is a true representation of what is taking place in the rural parts of china, where most pupils are forced to abandon schooling due to abject poverty. The political structure is another prominent theme articulated by Zhang Yimou. The film exposes how verbal negotiation, bureaucracy, and struggle are the main attributes that characterize the contemporary politics in the china’s society. Zhang Yimou creates scenery that pits Wei as the only female who has the guts to withstand her obstacles despite the fact that she does not have money. Most of the characters in this film seem to be very blind to following all that the corrupt authority offers. These characters do not have the courage to question anything that is being proposed by the authority, they only accept and move on. Though Wei is poor and does not have any powers in the society, she stands tall against her obstacles because of her persistency. In this case, Wei is a representation of the few courageous people in the Chinese country who are ready to face difficulties while challenging how the leaders conduct things. The determination of Wei through speech is an example of heroes in the society. Heroism requires perseverance of the highest order

Why companies pay dividend Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Why companies pay dividend - Essay Example The different tax treatment between dividends and capital gains however generally work against the former. A number of companies pay dividends and in some, it is a given in the way their organizations are run. This paper will explore why anyone cares about it at all. Specifically, this paper will address the questions why companies pay dividends; why investors pay attention to it; do dividends affect an organization’s value and how do managers use dividends in the organizational financial management; among others. The idea is to identify whether dividends have any bearing or effect on an organization particularly in terms of equity and firm value. The review on the current dividend literature provided in the following section is particularly focused on the areas related to the positive and negative characteristics of dividends to business organizations. Such outline of studies was aimed at determining how other scholars answered the question posed by this paper. The review summarizes the current studies and research on dividends policy, particularly. An important dimension to the review, however, which would have a pivotal effect on this paper as a whole was the passage of the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act. The corpus of literature available in regard to corporate payout policy and dividends is extensive. However, this review would focus on two major areas: why do dividends matter for corporations and does it matter how business organizations distribute cash to its shareholders. Miller and Modigliani are considered to be the authorities in regard to framing dividend questions in their finance research. They, particularly focused on how dividend policy is considered a choice between financing with internal equity or financing with external equity. In their study, Miller and Modigliani offered proof that dividends do not matter in a world that is characterized by